In the past, it has been difficult for some people with Crohn’s or Colitis to get insurance. It should be easier nowadays, but people still tell us they have difficulty getting some types of insurance. Depending on the type of insurance you want, you might need to pay more for it than other people.

Insurance companies usually decide how much to charge for an insurance policy based on how likely it is that you will need to make a claim. They start off with a standard price – called a premium. This is based on how old you are and whether or not you smoke. They may then adjust the premium based on your individual risks. This can include:

• Your height and weight
• What health conditions you have
• Whether you drink or take recreational drugs
• Whether you have any high-risk hobbies
• Your job

Having Crohn’s or Colitis does not always affect how much you pay for insurance. Instead of increasing your premium just because you have Crohn’s or Colitis, insurance companies often look at your individual risk of claiming on your policy. They work this out based on things like:

• How long you have had Crohn’s or Colitis
• Your symptoms
• Your treatment
• How often you have flare-ups

The process of assessing your individual risk and deciding if you are eligible for a policy is called ‘underwriting’. Different insurance companies have different approaches to underwriting. This can affect how much your premium is. It also depends on the type of policy you want. Some policies do not ask for any medical information. They are called ‘guaranteed acceptance’ or ‘medical history disregarded’ policies. But they are usually more expensive than standard insurance policies.

There are several ways to find insurance. You could:

• Find out whether insurance is available through your employer, if you have one. This could be cheaper than buying individual insurance. This is because group policies sometimes offer a standard rate and may not collect detailed information on individual health conditions. This is called a ‘medical history disregarded’ policy.
• Use a price comparison website to get quotes from lots of companies at once. This can be useful for general insurance policies, but check the quotes and the list of assumptions carefully. They might not cover more complicated health conditions like Crohn’s or Colitis.
• Contact insurance companies directly. Some companies specialise in providing insurance for people with pre-existing health conditions.
• Use a financial adviser or an insurance broker. Insurance brokers are independent advisers who specialise in insurance – but they do not cover every company. Financial advisers and insurance brokers can give you professional advice about the cover you need, and help you find insurance even if you have complicated needs. They also help if you need to claim on a policy you have taken out through them. If they cannot find suitable insurance for you, they may be able to put you in contact with a company that can. Insurance brokers usually do not charge for their services. Instead, they earn commission from insurance companies they use. Financial advisers might earn commission or they might charge you a fee.

You can search for insurance companies, financial advisers or brokers online. You could start by trying:

• The British Insurance Brokers’ Association
• The Association of Medical Insurers and Intermediaries
• The Personal Investment Management and Financial Advice Association

It’s a good idea to get quotes from several different companies if you can. The price of a policy and exactly what it covers can vary a lot.

When you apply for an insurance policy, you need to answer questions about yourself and your lifestyle. This helps the insurer work out how likely you are to make a claim, and how much your policy should cost.

You might have to answer questions about:

• Your health, including any illnesses that run in your family
• Your age, height and weight
• Whether you smoke, drink alcohol or take recreational drugs
• Your job
• Any high-risk hobbies you have (like rock climbing, scuba diving or motor sports)
• Your travel history

If you have Crohn’s or Colitis, insurance companies usually ask you more questions, such as:

• When you were diagnosed
• Your treatment
• Your symptoms
• Whether your Crohn’s or Colitis affects your liver, joints or eyes
• How often you have flare-ups
• If you have had surgery or are waiting for surgery

Insurance companies sometimes ask for a report from your GP before deciding whether to offer you a policy. They must ask for your consent first. Your GP might charge for this report, but the insurance company usually pays the fee.

Occasionally, they might ask you to have a medical examination or blood tests.

There are lots of types of insurance. Here, we talk about:

• Life insurance
• Critical illness insurance
• Income protection insurance
• Health insurance

If you have Crohn’s or Colitis, you can still get many types of insurance. But it might cost more. Some policies might exclude claims related to your Crohn’s or Colitis. Whatever insurance you need, check the details carefully to see exactly what it covers.

If you already have insurance, check the details or contact your insurer to find out if it covers your Crohn’s or Colitis.

Life insurance

Life insurance pays a cash sum when you die. There are two main types:

• Term insurance covers you for a fixed length of time. It only pays out if you die during this time. It can pay out a fixed amount, called level term insurance. Or it can pay out a gradually decreasing amount, called decreasing term insurance. This can be useful for paying off a mortgage, when the amount left to pay reduces over time.
• Whole-of-life insurance covers you for your whole life. As long as you keep the policy going, it pays out whenever you die.

In the past, insurance companies charged people with Crohn’s or Colitis very high premiums for life insurance, or sometimes refused to insure them at all. This is because they thought people with Crohn’s or Colitis had a higher risk of dying than other people. But we now know that most people with Crohn’s or Colitis live just as long as other people.

If you have Crohn’s or Colitis, you can usually get life insurance. If your Crohn’s or Colitis is well controlled, it might not cost any more than usual. But if you were diagnosed recently, or you have frequent flare-ups, you might have to pay higher premiums. Insurers might postpone offering you a policy if:

• You have had surgery recently, or you’re waiting for surgery
• You have had a recent flare
• You have been admitted to hospital recently

Some insurance companies offer ‘guaranteed acceptance’ life insurance policies for people over 50. These policies do not ask for any medical information. But they are generally more expensive than standard life insurance policies. You cannot usually claim on these policies during the first 1 or 2 years.

Critical illness insurance

Critical illness insurance pays a cash sum if you get an illness that is listed in your policy. Policies always list cancer, heart attacks and stroke. They can include other critical illnesses too.

• If your Crohn’s or Colitis is well controlled, you might be able to get critical illness cover. But it might be more expensive than it is for other people.
• If you have more than one or two flare-ups a year or you have ongoing symptoms, it can be difficult to get critical illness cover.

Income protection insurance

Income protection insurance pays you a regular income if you cannot work because of an illness or injury. You usually have to be off work for several weeks or months before you can claim.

If you have Crohn’s or Colitis, it might be difficult to get income protection insurance. This is because you have a higher risk of needing time off work than people who do not have Crohn’s or Colitis. Insurance companies might:

• Charge you extra for a policy that includes Crohn’s or Colitis
• Postpone offering you a policy until your Crohn’s or Colitis has been in remission for a certain length of time
• Offer you a policy that covers other illnesses but excludes Crohn’s or Colitis
• Refuse to cover you

Health insurance (private medical insurance)

Health insurance covers the cost of private treatment for short-term (acute) illnesses or injuries. It can be faster than waiting for treatment on the NHS. It might let you access health services that aren’t available on the NHS.

• Health insurance does not usually cover treatment for long-term (chronic) conditions like Crohn’s or Colitis. But if you already have health insurance before you are diagnosed, it might cover the cost of private tests and any urgent treatment you need.
• Health insurance does not usually cover illnesses you already had when you took out the policy. But sometimes you can pay extra to include these.

It can be frustrating if a company refuses to offer you insurance. But it does not mean that all companies will turn you down.

Many insurance companies have agreed to follow guidelines that help people with pre-existing health conditions find affordable insurance. If one of these companies cannot insure you, they should give you contact details of a specialist company or insurance broker who might be able to help. If they do not know of any, the British Insurance Brokers’ Association can help you find a provider.

We follow strict processes to make sure our information is based on up-to-date evidence and easy to understand.

Please email us at evidence@crohnsandcolitis.org.uk if:

• You have any comments or suggestions for improvements
• You would like more information about the sources of evidence we use
• You would like details of any conflicts of interest

You can also write to us at Crohn’s & Colitis UK, 1 Bishop Square, Hatfield, AL10 9NE, or contact us through our Helpline: 0300 222 5700